Vadnica: Avtomatizacija TIA Portala z Openness API (Popoln vodnik)

Zakaj je avtomatizacija neizogibna

Ročno inženirstvo v TIA Portalu je počasno in nagnjeno k napakam. Desni klik, ustvarjanje blokov, kopiranje in lepljenje kode ... Ta ponavljajoča se opravila morajo izginiti. Zahvaljujoč Openness API-ju (in njegovemu T-IA Connect REST ovoju) lahko TIA Portal upravljate kot katero koli sodobno programsko opremo.

Predpogoji

Nameščen TIA Portal V16, V17, V18, V19 ali V21
Licenca T-IA Connect (ali načrt Freemium)
PowerShell ali Python nameščen na vašem računalniku

1. korak: Zaženite REST API

Namesto ročnega zagona TIA Portala bomo zagnali strežnik T-IA Connect, ki bo deloval kot prehod. Odprite terminal in zaženite:

PowerShell

./TiaPortalApi.App.exe --headless

Korak 2: Preverjanje zdravja

Najprej preverimo, ali API deluje in katere različice TIA Portala so na voljo.

curl

curl http://localhost:9000/api/health

curl http://localhost:9000/api/health/versions

Response

{
  "status": "healthy",
  "tiaPortalConnected": true,
  "uptime": "00:01:23"
}

{
  "installedVersions": ["V17", "V18", "V19"]
}

Korak 3: Ustvarite projekt

Brez menijev 'Datoteka > Novo'. Pošljimo zahtevo POST za ustvarjanje praznega projekta.

curl — POST /api/projects/actions/create

curl -X POST http://localhost:9000/api/projects/actions/create \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "name": "MyAutomatedProject",
    "path": "C:\\TIA_Projects",
    "version": "V19"
  }'

Response

{
  "name": "MyAutomatedProject",
  "path": "C:\\TIA_Projects\\MyAutomatedProject",
  "version": "V19",
  "created": true
}

Korak 4: Dodajte PLC in ustvarite FB

Poiščite CPU v strojnem katalogu, ga dodajte v projekt in ustvarite funkcijski blok s SCL kodo — vse v nekaj API klicih.

curl — Search catalog + Add device

# Search the hardware catalog
curl -X POST http://localhost:9000/api/catalog/actions/search \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{ "searchPattern": "CPU 1511" }'

# Add the device to the project
curl -X POST http://localhost:9000/api/projects/devices/actions/add \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "name": "PLC_1",
    "typeId": "<typeId from search>",
    "deviceName": "CPU 1511C-1 PN"
  }'

# Create a Function Block
curl -X POST http://localhost:9000/api/devices/PLC_1/blocks \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "name": "FB_MotorControl",
    "type": "FB",
    "programmingLanguage": "SCL"
  }'

# Add SCL code to the block
curl -X POST http://localhost:9000/api/devices/PLC_1/blocks/FB_MotorControl/networks \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "title": "Motor control logic",
    "code": "#Running := #Start AND NOT #Stop;\nIF #Running THEN\n  #Speed := #SpeedSetpoint;\nEND_IF;"
  }'

Response

// Block creation response
{
  "name": "FB_MotorControl",
  "type": "FB",
  "programmingLanguage": "SCL",
  "number": 1
}

// Network added
{
  "networkId": 1,
  "title": "Motor control logic",
  "created": true
}

Korak 5: Ustvarite oznake

Uvozite PLC oznake (vhodi, izhodi, pomnilnik) množično z enim samim API klicem.

curl — POST /api/devices/PLC_1/tags/actions/import

curl -X POST http://localhost:9000/api/devices/PLC_1/tags/actions/import \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "tagTable": "Motors",
    "tags": [
      { "name": "Motor1_Start",   "dataType": "Bool", "address": "%I0.0" },
      { "name": "Motor1_Stop",    "dataType": "Bool", "address": "%I0.1" },
      { "name": "Motor1_Running", "dataType": "Bool", "address": "%Q0.0" },
      { "name": "Motor1_Speed",   "dataType": "Real", "address": "%QD4"  },
      { "name": "Motor1_Fault",   "dataType": "Bool", "address": "%Q0.1" }
    ]
  }'

Response

{
  "tagTable": "Motors",
  "importedCount": 5,
  "tags": [
    { "name": "Motor1_Start",   "dataType": "Bool", "address": "%I0.0" },
    { "name": "Motor1_Stop",    "dataType": "Bool", "address": "%I0.1" },
    { "name": "Motor1_Running", "dataType": "Bool", "address": "%Q0.0" },
    { "name": "Motor1_Speed",   "dataType": "Real", "address": "%QD4"  },
    { "name": "Motor1_Fault",   "dataType": "Bool", "address": "%Q0.1" }
  ]
}

Korak 6: Kompilirajte projekt

Sprožite kompilacijo in sledite napredku prek API Jobs. Kompilacija poteka asinhrono.

curl — Compile + Poll job

# Start compilation
curl -X POST http://localhost:9000/api/devices/PLC_1/actions/compile

# Poll the job status (replace <jobId>)
curl http://localhost:9000/api/jobs/<jobId>

Response

// Compilation started
{ "jobId": "c7f3a1b2-...", "status": "running" }

// Job completed
{
  "jobId": "c7f3a1b2-...",
  "status": "completed",
  "errors": [],
  "warnings": 2
}

Korak 7: Izvoz v XML

Izvozite svoje bloke v format SimaticML (XML) za nadzor različic z Git.

curl — POST /api/devices/PLC_1/blocks/actions/export

curl -X POST http://localhost:9000/api/devices/PLC_1/blocks/actions/export \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "blocks": ["FB_MotorControl"],
    "exportPath": "C:\\TIA_Projects\\Export"
  }'

Response

{
  "exportedCount": 1,
  "exportPath": "C:\\TIA_Projects\\Export",
  "files": ["FB_MotorControl.xml"]
}

Korak 8: Shranite in zaprite

Shranite projekt in ga pravilno zaprite. Primerek TIA Portala je prost za naslednji avtomatizirani zagon.

curl — Save & Close

curl -X POST http://localhost:9000/api/projects/actions/save

curl -X POST http://localhost:9000/api/projects/actions/close

Response

{ "saved": true }

{ "closed": true }

Kaj sledi?

Pravkar ste avtomatizirali 90 % ročnih opravil ustvarjanja projektov. Ta skript lahko zdaj integrirate v svoj CI/CD cevovod (Jenkins, GitLab CI), da preverite svojo kodo ob vsaki objavi.

Prenesite celotne skripte za to vadnico in jih preizkusite z našim brezplačnim načrtom Freemium.